Maggie Lena Walker First Woman Bank President

Maggie Lena Walker was the first woman bank president in the United States.   Known most as a business executive, she was also a lecturer, writer, activist, and philanthropist. She lived from  July 15, 1867 to December 15, 1934. Early Life Maggie Walker was the daughter of Elizabeth Draper, who had been enslaved in her early years.   Draper worked as a  cooks assistant in home of the noted Civil War spy  Elizabeth Van Lew,     Maggie Walkers father, according to family tradition, was Eccles Cuthbert, and Irish journalist and Northern abolitionist. Elizabeth Draper married a co-worker in the home of Elizabeth Van Lew, William Mitchell, the butler.   Maggie took his last name. Mitchell disappeared and was found a few days later, drowned; it was assumed hed been robbed and murdered. Maggies mother took in laundry to support the family. Maggie attended school in Richmond, Virginias segregated schools.   Maggie graduated from Colored Normal School (Armstrong Normal and High School) in 1883. A protest by the ten African American students over being forced to graduate in a church led to a compromise allowing them to graduate at their school. Maggie began teaching. Young Adulthood It was not Maggies first involvement in something beyond the ordinary for a young girl. In high school, she joined a fraternal organization in Richmond, the Independent Order of St. Luke Society. This organization provided health insurance and burial benefits for members, and also was involved in self-help and racial pride activities. Maggie Walker helped form a juvenile division of the Society. Marriage and Volunteer Work Maggie married Armstead Walker, jr., after meeting him at church. She had to give up her job, as was usual for teachers who married, and, while raising their children, she put more efforts into volunteer work with the I. O. of St. Luke. She was elected Secretary in 1899, at a time the Society was on the brink of failing. Instead, Maggie Walker took on a major membership drive, lecturing not only in and around Richmond but around the country. She built it up to more than 100,000 members in more than 20 states. Madame Bank President In 1903, Maggie Walker saw an opportunity for the Society and formed a bank, the St. Luke Penny Savings Bank, and she served as president of the bank until 1932. This made her the first (known) woman president of a bank in the United States. She also led the Society to more self-help programs and philanthropic efforts, founded an African American newspaper in 1902 for which she wrote a column for many years, and lectured extensively on race and womens issues. In 1905, the Walkers moved into a large home in Richmond, which after her death became a national historic site maintained by the National Parks Service. In 1907, a fall at her home caused permanent nerve damage, and she had trouble walking the rest of her life, leading to the nickname, the Lame Lioness. In the 1910s and 1920s, Maggie Walker also served on a number of organizational boards, including the executive committee of the National Association of Colored Women and more than 10 years on the board of the NAACP. Family Tragedy In 1915, tragedy struck Maggie Lena Walkers family, as her son Russell mistook his father for a home intruder, and shot him. Russell was acquitted in a murder trial as his mother stood beside him. He died in 1924, and his wife and child came to live with Maggie Walker. Later Years In 1921, Maggie Walker ran as a Republican for state Superintendent of Public Instruction. By 1928, between her old injury and diabetes, she was wheelchair-bound. In 1931, with the Depression, Maggie Walker helped merge her bank with several other African American banks, into the Consolidated Bank and Trust Company. With her ill health, she retired as bank president and became board chair of the merged bank. Maggie Walker died in Richmond in 1934. More Facts Children:  Russell Eccles Talmadge,  Armstead Mitchell (died as infant), Melvin DeWitt,  Polly Anderson (adopted) Religion: active from childhood in Old First Baptist Church, Richmond Also known as:  Maggie Lena Mitchell, Maggie L. Walker, Maggie Mitchell Walker; Lizzie (as a child); Lame Lioness (in her later years)

The Ethical Issues of Running with Scissors Essay - 685 Words

Ethical Issues of â€Å"Running with scissors† This movie is told from Augusten Burroughs point of view of his childhood. He was very close to his mother; he skipped school to stay with her. To him he seemed to have an ordinary life. His house was very clean and he would polish things because he liked it so clean. His mother Deidre Burroughs, who has gone insane after her divorce from his father, gives him up for adoption to her psychiatrist, Dr. Finch. She comes to their house quite often throughout the movie and asks why he spends so much time with them. Dr. Finch has two daughters and an adopted son some of who were at one time his patients. At the age of twelve, Augusten engages in a romantic relationship with Neil Bookman who is†¦show more content†¦Instead of fixing Deidre’s psychological issues Dr. Finch created more issues between her and Augusten. Also allowing him to engage in a romantic relationship with a male twice his age caused him more psychological harm than benefit. Augusten wanted someone to speak up and tell him what he was doing was wrong. He wanted to be treated like a child with a mother and father and instead of building a family Dr. Finch tore it apart. Dr. Finch tricked Deidre into signing over power of attorney to his self so he could steal her money it was a violation of codes 3.06 and 3.08 conflict of interest and Exploitative Relationships. Dr. Finch gained Deidre’s trust as her psychologist and used it in a very dishonest way. When Deidre found out what he had done she tried to confront him but he turned everything around to make her think she conjured the scenario up. He tried to have her committed for insanity. Dr. Finch should not have had his license because he broke so many rules. He had no regards for ethics and he may have been psychotic himself. He broke all five of the principles of ethics. He had no sense of care for his patients. He seemed to be working for the money not to actually help people. He never actually helped any of his patients in fact he made many situations worse. He condoned unhealthy relationships with hisShow MoreRelatedReproductive Technology And The Medical Field1946 Words   |  8 Pagesto genetically modify a child by eliminating diseases, this technique raises many ethical and medical issues. Bioethicists, geneticists and others have suggested that genetically modifying babies may cause miscarriage, other potential dangers such as an increase in class divisions in society, and have unknown effects on other gene characteristics if one gene is altered. Other problems raised include societal issues such as sex discrimination and discrimination favoring designe r babies over non-designerRead More1.A)For This Writer, The Definition Of Disaster Is When1536 Words   |  7 Pagespersonal safety in an emergent situation. 6. 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Corporate Governance for Compensation - myassignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about theCorporate Governance for Incentive andCompensation. Answer: A corporation is a separate legal entity distinct from the shareholder. The shareholders choose the board who act on their behalf. The following study examines the impact of corporate governance codes of practice is general slowdown decision making at company board level. This gradually slow down the decision making at the company level and creates difficulty in introducing innovation and creativity. Some of the elements of good governance are beneficial for the company in order to keep board vigilance, incentive and compensation. Overall it is clear from the above statement that corporate governance at times is painful. The recent changes in the managerial discretion have resulted in the wake of financial downturn. This in result has restricted an appropriate approach to manage the upcoming crises. This creates a pressure at the time of crises to eventually meet the desired outcome. In short, at times when there is a complete panic state, board can give relaxation to the top manager to fully respond as per their understanding to an issue Contrary to the conventional approach on good governance (McCahery et al 2016). The officers and board of directors have a fiduciary duty to act in the best interest of the corporation. The board is held liable in case of breach of duties and not meeting the standard requirements. Corporate governance has become a problem to manage a large sized business organization the separation of ownership and management has created a gap in managing organizational goal. This causes conflict in between the organization while maximizing shareholder value and individual interest. There can be an illegal insider trading because the board members and directors have an access to confidential information that might affect the value of the share (Obradovich and Gill, 2013). Corporate governance and ownership affect innovation activity more strongly when innovation. Corporate governance slow down the decision making and stifle organization on a survey conducted by KPMG and Lindstock, companies do have a unanimous view on the expenditure made on the Corporate Governance. They are not even adding much value to the shareholder. There is a continuous arguments related to the risk associated with the financial performance of the company. There is a risk in relation to monitoring an improving the corporate governance. A procedural approach to the corporate governance is wrong. However there are certain vague approaches to the corporate governance that can slowdown the management and decision making process. There are certain level if destruction because people undertake project they should not undertake (Edmans, 2014). This directly affects the NPV of the project hence depreciating the value. The main motive of a corporation is to maximize profits for the stoc kholders only, disregarding the 'stakes'. A corporation is an artificial entity not having social responsibilities and obligations to stakeholders can cause an issue in delegating responsibility. The arguments related to implication of corporate governance whilst in support of the narrow view of corporate governance (Carnes, 2013). This is proven fact that firms with an accountable and more transparent manner draw investor self-confidence to leverage debt, and to determine customer centric and socially responsibility. This has become even more profitable due to an effective organizational measure (Tricker and Tricker, 2015). This will allow in developing an effective justification for the broader view of corporate governance. This is necessary for managing the financial reporting system. This unnecessary delay in meeting the requisite related to the corporate governance is proving out to be an unnecessary burden in delivering results. Moreover this is more backward and historical in nature (Bebchuk, Cohen and Ferrell, 2008). The concept ever grew adding on sustainability and environmental management reports. The business engages the community and the natural environment in order to promote consistent growth. While Building on the triple bottom-line platform, Financial Reporting is moving towards the future hence restricting the modern concept. An integrated report regarding the corporate governance communication is regarding the organizations strategy, governance, performance and prospects, so the external environment, lead to creation of value (Osabiniyi, 2017). Meanwhile, the evolution of financial reporting is important for managing the corporate governance in order to create value for the longer term. This encompasses customer value, corporate social responsibility and sustainability issues to be managed for a longer-time period. An organization focusing over the concept of corporate governance will have a shorter life span. Innovation and creativity is restricted in managing the organization following corporate governance (Williams, 2016). The concept of corporate governance in Australia widens further than compliance with regulatory necessities and involves a mix of authoritarian and voluntary elements. For evaluating it, the Australian governance involves the three key elements: Hard law, which include a regular fulfillment of the Corporations Act 2001 (Cth) (Corporations Act), Soft law, These are the rules framed by the Australian Securities Exchange Limited (ASX) governing the contract under law The Non-binding guidelines include the third edition1 of the ASX Corporate Governance Councils Principles and Recommendations ((Williams, 2016). The continuous evolution of corporate governance is important for framing the policies of a corporation. The wider approach to governance is creating opportunities in meeting the designated roles and appropriate authority. This helps in managing the information in an effective way. For making a purposeful intervention, there is a necessity to allow development in order to manage the organizational goal. They are not even adding much value to the shareholder. There is a continuous arguments related to the risk associated with the financial performance of the company. Hence in order to motivate innovation and development, it is necessary to manage the process of consistent growth. It is seldom seen that corporate governance is affecting the growth process in an organization. While implementing an innovative exercise, Corporate Governance thereby hinders the growth which affects the organizational goal. However, to reduce the cases of non-compliance of legal issues, Corporate Governance sets an effective parameter. Due to this reason it is evident for an organization for ignoring its implications on long run. References Bebchuk, L., Cohen, A. and Ferrell, A., 2008. What matters in corporate governance?The Review of financial studies,22(2), pp.783-827. Carnes,D.2013. The Disadvantages of Corporate Governance. Online. Available at: https://info.legalzoom.com/disadvantages-corporate-governance-20070.html Accessed on: 13 October 2017 Edmans, A., 2014. Blockholders and corporate governance.Annu. Rev. Financ. Econ.,6(1), pp.23-50. McCahery, J.A., Sautner, Z. and Starks, L.T., 2016. Behind the scenes: The corporate governance preferences of institutional investors.The Journal of Finance,71(6), pp.2905-2932. Obradovich, J. and Gill, A., 2013. The impact of corporate governance and financial leverage on the value of American firms. Osabiniyi,O.2017. The Pros and Cons of Corporate Governance. Online. Available at: https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/pros-cons-corporate-governance-oscar-osabinyi-fcca Accessed on: 13 October 2017 Tricker, R.B. and Tricker, R.I., 2015.Corporate governance: Principles, policies, and practices. Oxford University Press, USA. Williams, I.2016. CORPORATE GOVERNANCE IN AUSTRALIA: A SNAPSHOT. Online. Available at: https://www.herbertsmithfreehills.com/latest-thinking/corporate-governance-in-australia-a-snapshot Accessed on: 13 October 2017

Los Angeles and the American Dream an Example by

Los Angeles and the American Dream by Expert Marvellous | 08 Dec 2016 Los Angeles and the American Dream: transformation and reinvention Need essay sample on "Los Angeles and the American Dream" topic? We will write a custom essay sample specifically for you Proceed The modern Los Angeles is a specimen of culturally and racially perse metropolis, where the ambitions for financial stability are nurtured in the west and inhibited in the east. The present paper argues that both the topography and the nature of the American Dream has substantially changed over the last century, given that the pre-1960 immigrants tend to move to more prestigious communities and undergo ideological assimilation into the more influential groups appear replaced by newcomers whose American Dream is reduced to the achievement of the desirable quality of life. At the same time, the general framework of the Dream-management remains dominated by the followers of the white dogma at the level of social policy, which prescribes minimal government interference with economic inequality. In the present day, the abstractive urban has become the major worldview-shaper, given that this term is associated mainly with new employment opportunities, like those African Americans were seeking when moving to the industrial areas to fill workplaces of factory workers in the first two decades of the 20th century (Fulton, 2001, p.6). In her novel Southland Revoyr sheds light onto the racial tensions, which actually take place when two ethnic groups coexisting in the adjacent quarters evolve in distinct directions and with drastically differing speed and effectiveness. East Asians, namely Japanese immigrant groups, were composed of external migrants (as opposed to African Americans and Latinos wandering around the country), who had the definite goals of small business ownership and in the United States: But instead of averting his eyes and scurrying as the other men had done, he bent over, picked up a dung cake, and threw it right back (Revoyr, 2003, p.93). Furthermore, given that Los Angeles of the first part of the 20th century was a relatively small city (Hise, p.547), centralization was a vital matter of public concerns, as the industries, situated in the downtown and owned by the racial majority, required cheap workforce (Gottlieb, 2007, p. 254). At that time, most foreigners were lured to the city by the white pattern of lifestyle, which included allegedly high productivity of the effort invested (high profits of enterprises), affordable housing, education facilities and the seemingly lenient classism. Those more nave believed it was easy to become affluent in Los Angeles soon and viewed success as the matter of good luck and circumstances. In his comprehensive research, Fulton recognizes this illusion of spontaneity and points to the actual organization of power, where all decisions were pre-planned and carefully developed through covert political negotiations on different issues like rent control in Santa Monica, road construction, taxation and property distribution (Fulton, 2001, p.9). Furthermore, as the racial majority was dissatisfied with the growth of criminality rates, associated with the clash of multiple cultures, the so-called urban sprawl was introduced in the 1930s: Mexicans quiescently fading away, like the old dilapidated landmarks, the adobe structure of Sonoratown. It is a trope both cultural and spatial (Hise, p.547). The atmosphere in the above specified community was not conductive for social advancement, given the underdevelopment of the local infrastructure and the original criminality prejudice against the inpiduals of Mexican descent. As a result, the 1930s-1940s were marked with scandalous trials and executions of the local chicanos. A related coordinate can be observed in the common use of east as a referent for the low (Hise, p.550). In fact, poverty has been cultivated in the Latino neighborhoods until the present day, with regard to the initial topographic social distance from the privileged group. East Asians, as the readings show, were similarly oppressed group (Revoyr, 2003, p.98; Dear et al, 1996, p. 8). After the Pearl Harbor attacks, Japanese Americans were practically deprived of their property and located in the concentration camps (internment), where they needed to re-build their lives from the very beginning in the 1950s. Chinese immigrants, however, voluntarily segregated in Chinatown in the 19th century and managed to resist the efforts, based upon the social distance increase. Given that the roots of their experience of cross-racial relations could be traced back to the 1850s, they were capable of arranging the parallel infrastructure progress; whereas the white-privilege policy implied transportation networks improvement and technological innovation exceptionally in several Western topographic areas (Fulton, 2001, p.29). Nina Revoyr, who skillfully portrays the major distinctive features of East Asian mentality, alleges that this complex of ethnic groups is characterized by concrete goal-orientation and patience, i.e. ability to wait and bear economic disadvantage for the future benefits. As a result, Chinatown, San Gabriel and Gardena, predominantly Japanese community, have been substantially adjusted to the American Dream pattern. In fact, most Asians, even those who moved to the wealthiest white suburbs on the West, avoided all-inclusive acculturation and preserved the key features of their lifestyle like clan households, age-based authority and close ties between generations. Mexican immigrants, on the contrary, followed a distinct residential pattern, which involves the emphasis upon moving into a more affluent environment instead of facilitating the institutional and economic progress within their original community, as East Asians have been doing (Dear et al, 1996, p. 82). However, Revoyr depicts a entirely Americanized Japanese (with Western-styled names) and extremely authentic Latinos, but a more comprehensive and broader research provides different information (Sanchez, p.647). The route of Latinos journey was often complicated, as they might have left the peer neighborhood for a basically Jew community like Boyle Heights, where the two cultural dimensions necessarily diffused, and migrated to an upper middle class region in the subsequent generation given their overall poor access to education and human service facilities. Therefore, each inpidual member of this ethnic group experienced several dramatic identity transformations in their life, but gradually abandoned the cognitive matrix of the mother culture. Similarly, African Americans have been long struggling against their inferiority label, but the notable progress occurred only in the 1970s: The city had recently experienced a highly charged and pisive mayoral election that pitted a popular African American candidate, City Council member Tom Bradley, against Sam Yorty [] (Gottlieb, 2007, p.6). However, it was too early to recognize triumph, as Dears counterargument shows that the specified tendency was associated with the de-industrialization and the departure of white Americans from the downtown to the suburbs, so African Americans settled and gained control over the already polluted center. They had been prevented from penetrating the realm of the white lifestyle that more financially secure African Americans were even more willing to dissolve their working-class identity within the white; at the same time, the emergence of the Black Power concept and movement, initiated by Malcolm X, attracted those inpiduals of color who were not covered by social care systems (Dear et al, 1996, p.85). violent efforts in 1965 and 1992 brought no improvement beyond the surprising crystallization of identity and racial pride amongst the lower-class African Americans. According to Fulton, all public policies were either directly or indirectly safeguarding and conserving the interests of the racial majority, e.g., outsourcing and removal of the major manufactures was closely followed by the seizure of the most convenient spots: Rents doubled and tripled, and in many cases tenants were simply pushed out the door to make way for new buildings and condominums (Fulton, 2001, p.30). Thus, the new wave of immigrants from Eastern Europe and other countries is dealing virtually the same obstacles of separation (Vincent, 2008, A1) in the neighborhoods left by their predecessors for the higher economic stage. As Kneale observes, secondary worlds are necessarily created in fiction literature. The scholar identifies three forms of representation: writing that claims to represent the world objectively; writing that represents the world of fiction, but in a realistic way []; and writing that represents a coherent world, but one that cannot claim to be realistic (Kneale, 2003, p. 40). Another valuable idea expressed is the recognition of the fact that fiction writers tend to construct textual landscapes and textual geographies through the lens of different cultural ideologies; as one can understand, the emotional attitude and the focus on the point of view in Revoyrs book can not serve as a substantial basis for scientific research, as the author does not position her writing as historically precise and representative or applicable to the real-life settings. At the same time, Fulton, Gottlieb and Dear et al as urban sociologists operate figures and reveal the information deriving from archival documents and chronicles. Fiction novels definitely need a well-developed illusory dimension, which is depicted in the here and now settings and contrasted to a more plausible world. However, scientists might also provide biased reports due to the fact that absolute objectivity is not attainable. To sum up, the major problem lies in the fact that even when race-based inequality is gradually vanishing, self-made members of Hispanic and African American minority groups (who often enter political circles and become the administration members) have a tendency to adopting the white ideology declaring the governments minimal intervention into social and infrastructural problems and neglecting the striking concentration of public policy effort on meeting the majoritys interests. Although the modern newcomers live in more comfortable conditions, they are struggling with the time-honored obstacles in the identically segregated territorial units, whereas the positive changes can be identified in the fixed collectivist communities like Gardena, where migrant adaptation is approached from multiple sides. Works cited Revoyr, N. Southland. Akashic Books, 2003. Fulton, W. The Reluctant Metropolis. JHU Press, 2001. Gottlieb, R. Reinventing Los Angeles. MIT Press, 2007. Dear, M., Schockman, E. and Hise, G. Rethinking Los Angeles. Sage Publication, Inc, 1996. Kneale, James, Secondary worlds: reading novels as geographical research. In Alison Blunt (ed), Cultural Geography in Practice. New York and London: Arnold Publishers, 2003, pp.39-51. Vincent, R. Eastside now the hot spot. Los Angeles Times, 11 January 2008, A1. Sanchez, G. Whats Good for Boyle Heights Is Good for the Jews : Creating multiculturalism on the Eastside during the 1950s. American Quarterly, pp. 633-661. Hise, G. Race and Social Distance in Los Angeles. American Quarterly, pp. 545-558.